The relationship between treaty and contract remains undecided in international investment law. It is an open question which instrument takes priority when their terms diverge. While it is clear that investment treaties apply to contracts in some way, they are silent as to how … [Read more...]

The conventional wisdom is that neither federal oversight nor fragmentation can save data privacy any more. I argue that in fact federalism promotes privacy protections in the long run. Three arguments support my claim. First, in the data privacy domain, frontrunner states in … [Read more...]

This paper discusses the positions of the (member) state legislatures in the US and the EU and their contribution as political safeguards of federalism. It takes as a case study the role of the US National Conference of the State Legislators in the monitoring of unfunded federal … [Read more...]

For decades, controversy has dogged claims about whether and to what extent international law binds international organizations (IOs) like the United Nations and the International Monetary Fund. The question has important consequences for humanitarian law, economic rights, and … [Read more...]

This paper questions to what extent European citizenship matters for the status and rights of third country nationals (TCNs) in the EU, and how the underlying rationales of European citizenship may contribute to a rethinking of the rules of engagement and cooperation in the … [Read more...]